ContactForm.cpp

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#include "ContactForm.hpp"
 
#include <polyfem/solver/NLProblem.hpp>
#include <polyfem/solver/forms/FrictionForm.hpp>
#include <polyfem/utils/Types.hpp>
#include <polyfem/utils/Timer.hpp>
#include <polyfem/utils/Logger.hpp>
#include <polyfem/utils/MatrixUtils.hpp>
#include <polyfem/utils/MaybeParallelFor.hpp>
 
#include <polyfem/io/OBJWriter.hpp>
 
#include <ipc/barrier/adaptive_stiffness.hpp>
#include <ipc/utils/world_bbox_diagonal_length.hpp>
 
#include <igl/writePLY.h>
 
namespace polyfem::solver
{
    ContactForm::ContactForm(const ipc::CollisionMesh &collision_mesh,
                             const double dhat,
                             const double avg_mass,
                             const bool use_area_weighting,
                             const bool use_improved_max_operator,
                             const bool use_physical_barrier,
                             const bool use_adaptive_barrier_stiffness,
                             const bool is_time_dependent,
                             const bool enable_shape_derivatives,
                             const ipc::BroadPhaseMethod broad_phase_method,
                             const double ccd_tolerance,
                             const int ccd_max_iterations)
        : collision_mesh_(collision_mesh),
          dhat_(dhat),
          use_adaptive_barrier_stiffness_(use_adaptive_barrier_stiffness),
          avg_mass_(avg_mass),
          is_time_dependent_(is_time_dependent),
          enable_shape_derivatives_(enable_shape_derivatives),
          broad_phase_method_(broad_phase_method),
          tight_inclusion_ccd_(ccd_tolerance, ccd_max_iterations),
          barrier_potential_(dhat, use_physical_barrier)
    {
        assert(dhat_ > 0);
        assert(ccd_tolerance > 0);
 
        prev_distance_ = -1;
        //collision_set_.set_use_convergent_formulation(use_convergent_formulation);
        collision_set_.set_use_improved_max_approximator(use_improved_max_operator);
        collision_set_.set_use_area_weighting(use_area_weighting);
        collision_set_.set_enable_shape_derivatives(enable_shape_derivatives);
    }
    ContactForm::ContactForm(const ipc::CollisionMesh &collision_mesh, {…}
 
    void ContactForm::init(const Eigen::VectorXd &x)
    {
        update_collision_set(compute_displaced_surface(x));
    }
    void ContactForm::init(const Eigen::VectorXd &x) {…}
 
    void ContactForm::force_shape_derivative(const ipc::NormalCollisions &collision_set, const Eigen::MatrixXd &solution, const Eigen::VectorXd &adjoint_sol, Eigen::VectorXd &term)
    {
        // Eigen::MatrixXd U = collision_mesh_.vertices(utils::unflatten(solution, collision_mesh_.dim()));
        // Eigen::MatrixXd X = collision_mesh_.vertices(boundary_nodes_pos_);
        const Eigen::MatrixXd displaced_surface = compute_displaced_surface(solution);
 
        StiffnessMatrix dq_h = collision_mesh_.to_full_dof(barrier_potential_.shape_derivative(collision_set, collision_mesh_, displaced_surface));
        term = barrier_stiffness() * dq_h.transpose() * adjoint_sol;
    }
    void ContactForm::force_shape_derivative(const ipc::NormalCollisions &collision_set, const Eigen::MatrixXd &solution, const Eigen::VectorXd &adjoint_sol, Eigen::VectorXd &term) {…}
 
    void ContactForm::update_quantities(const double t, const Eigen::VectorXd &x)
    {
        update_collision_set(compute_displaced_surface(x));
    }
    void ContactForm::update_quantities(const double t, const Eigen::VectorXd &x) {…}
 
    Eigen::MatrixXd ContactForm::compute_displaced_surface(const Eigen::VectorXd &x) const
    {
        return collision_mesh_.displace_vertices(utils::unflatten(x, collision_mesh_.dim()));
    }
    Eigen::MatrixXd ContactForm::compute_displaced_surface(const Eigen::VectorXd &x) const {…}
 
    void ContactForm::update_barrier_stiffness(const Eigen::VectorXd &x, const Eigen::MatrixXd &grad_energy)
    {
        if (!use_adaptive_barrier_stiffness())
            return;
 
        const Eigen::MatrixXd displaced_surface = compute_displaced_surface(x);
 
        // The adative stiffness is designed for the non-convergent formulation,
        // so we need to compute the gradient of the non-convergent barrier.
        // After we can map it to a good value for the convergent formulation.
        ipc::NormalCollisions nonconvergent_constraints;
        //nonconvergent_constraints.set_use_convergent_formulation(false);
        nonconvergent_constraints.set_use_area_weighting(false);
        nonconvergent_constraints.set_use_improved_max_approximator(false);
        nonconvergent_constraints.build(
            collision_mesh_, displaced_surface, dhat_, dmin_, broad_phase_method_);
        Eigen::VectorXd grad_barrier = barrier_potential_.gradient(
            nonconvergent_constraints, collision_mesh_, displaced_surface);
        grad_barrier = collision_mesh_.to_full_dof(grad_barrier);
 
        barrier_stiffness_ = ipc::initial_barrier_stiffness(
            ipc::world_bbox_diagonal_length(displaced_surface), barrier_potential_.barrier(), dhat_, avg_mass_,
            grad_energy, grad_barrier, max_barrier_stiffness_);
 
        if (use_convergent_formulation())
        {
            double scaling_factor = 0;
            if (!nonconvergent_constraints.empty())
            {
                const double nonconvergent_potential = barrier_potential_(
                    nonconvergent_constraints, collision_mesh_, displaced_surface);
 
                update_collision_set(displaced_surface);
                const double convergent_potential = barrier_potential_(
                    collision_set_, collision_mesh_, displaced_surface);
 
                scaling_factor = nonconvergent_potential / convergent_potential;
            }
            else
            {
                // Hardcoded difference between the non-convergent and convergent barrier
                scaling_factor = dhat_ * std::pow(dhat_ + 2 * dmin_, 2);
            }
            barrier_stiffness_ *= scaling_factor;
            max_barrier_stiffness_ *= scaling_factor;
        }
 
        // The barrier stiffness is choosen based on including the acceleration scaling,
        // but the acceleration scaling will be applied later. Therefore, we need to remove it.
        barrier_stiffness_ /= weight_;
        max_barrier_stiffness_ /= weight_;
 
        logger().debug(
            "Setting adaptive barrier stiffness to {} (max barrier stiffness: {})",
            barrier_stiffness(), max_barrier_stiffness_);
    }
    void ContactForm::update_barrier_stiffness(const Eigen::VectorXd &x, const Eigen::MatrixXd &grad_energy) {…}
 
    void ContactForm::update_collision_set(const Eigen::MatrixXd &displaced_surface)
    {
        // Store the previous value used to compute the constraint set to avoid duplicate computation.
        static Eigen::MatrixXd cached_displaced_surface;
        if (cached_displaced_surface.size() == displaced_surface.size() && cached_displaced_surface == displaced_surface)
            return;
 
        if (use_cached_candidates_)
            collision_set_.build(
                candidates_, collision_mesh_, displaced_surface, dhat_);
        else
            collision_set_.build(
                collision_mesh_, displaced_surface, dhat_, dmin_, broad_phase_method_);
        cached_displaced_surface = displaced_surface;
    }
    void ContactForm::update_collision_set(const Eigen::MatrixXd &displaced_surface) {…}
 
    double ContactForm::value_unweighted(const Eigen::VectorXd &x) const
    {
        return barrier_potential_(collision_set_, collision_mesh_, compute_displaced_surface(x));
    }
    double ContactForm::value_unweighted(const Eigen::VectorXd &x) const {…}
 
    Eigen::VectorXd ContactForm::value_per_element_unweighted(const Eigen::VectorXd &x) const
    {
        const Eigen::MatrixXd V = compute_displaced_surface(x);
        assert(V.rows() == collision_mesh_.num_vertices());
 
        const size_t num_vertices = collision_mesh_.num_vertices();
 
        if (collision_set_.empty())
        {
            return Eigen::VectorXd::Zero(collision_mesh_.full_num_vertices());
        }
 
        const Eigen::MatrixXi &E = collision_mesh_.edges();
        const Eigen::MatrixXi &F = collision_mesh_.faces();
 
        auto storage = utils::create_thread_storage<Eigen::VectorXd>(Eigen::VectorXd::Zero(num_vertices));
 
        utils::maybe_parallel_for(collision_set_.size(), [&](int start, int end, int thread_id) {
            Eigen::VectorXd &local_storage = utils::get_local_thread_storage(storage, thread_id);
 
            for (size_t i = start; i < end; i++)
            {
                // Quadrature weight is premultiplied by compute_potential
                const double potential = barrier_potential_(collision_set_[i], collision_set_[i].dof(V, E, F));
 
                const int n_v = collision_set_[i].num_vertices();
                const std::array<long, 4> vis = collision_set_[i].vertex_ids(E, F);
                for (int j = 0; j < n_v; j++)
                {
                    assert(0 <= vis[j] && vis[j] < num_vertices);
                    local_storage[vis[j]] += potential / n_v;
                }
            }
        });
 
        Eigen::VectorXd out = Eigen::VectorXd::Zero(num_vertices);
        for (const auto &local_potential : storage)
        {
            out += local_potential;
        }
 
        Eigen::VectorXd out_full = Eigen::VectorXd::Zero(collision_mesh_.full_num_vertices());
        for (int i = 0; i < out.size(); i++)
            out_full[collision_mesh_.to_full_vertex_id(i)] = out[i];
 
        assert(std::abs(value_unweighted(x) - out_full.sum()) < std::max(1e-10 * out_full.sum(), 1e-10));
 
        return out_full;
    }
    Eigen::VectorXd ContactForm::value_per_element_unweighted(const Eigen::VectorXd &x) const {…}
 
    void ContactForm::first_derivative_unweighted(const Eigen::VectorXd &x, Eigen::VectorXd &gradv) const
    {
        gradv = barrier_potential_.gradient(collision_set_, collision_mesh_, compute_displaced_surface(x));
        gradv = collision_mesh_.to_full_dof(gradv);
    }
    void ContactForm::first_derivative_unweighted(const Eigen::VectorXd &x, Eigen::VectorXd &gradv) const {…}
 
    void ContactForm::second_derivative_unweighted(const Eigen::VectorXd &x, StiffnessMatrix &hessian) const
    {
        POLYFEM_SCOPED_TIMER("barrier hessian");
 
        ipc::PSDProjectionMethod psd_projection_method;
 
        if (project_to_psd_) {
            psd_projection_method = ipc::PSDProjectionMethod::CLAMP;
        } else {
            psd_projection_method = ipc::PSDProjectionMethod::NONE;
        }
 
        hessian = barrier_potential_.hessian(collision_set_, collision_mesh_, compute_displaced_surface(x), psd_projection_method);
        hessian = collision_mesh_.to_full_dof(hessian);
    }
    void ContactForm::second_derivative_unweighted(const Eigen::VectorXd &x, StiffnessMatrix &hessian) const {…}
 
    void ContactForm::solution_changed(const Eigen::VectorXd &new_x)
    {
        update_collision_set(compute_displaced_surface(new_x));
    }
    void ContactForm::solution_changed(const Eigen::VectorXd &new_x) {…}
 
    double ContactForm::max_step_size(const Eigen::VectorXd &x0, const Eigen::VectorXd &x1) const
    {
        // Extract surface only
        const Eigen::MatrixXd V0 = compute_displaced_surface(x0);
        const Eigen::MatrixXd V1 = compute_displaced_surface(x1);
 
        if (save_ccd_debug_meshes)
        {
            const Eigen::MatrixXi E = collision_mesh_.dim() == 2 ? Eigen::MatrixXi() : collision_mesh_.edges();
            const Eigen::MatrixXi &F = collision_mesh_.faces();
            igl::writePLY(resolve_output_path("debug_ccd_0.ply"), V0, F, E);
            igl::writePLY(resolve_output_path("debug_ccd_1.ply"), V1, F, E);
        }
 
        double max_step;
        if (use_cached_candidates_ && broad_phase_method_ != ipc::BroadPhaseMethod::SWEEP_AND_TINIEST_QUEUE)
            max_step = candidates_.compute_collision_free_stepsize(
                collision_mesh_, V0, V1, dmin_, tight_inclusion_ccd_);
        else
            max_step = ipc::compute_collision_free_stepsize(
                collision_mesh_, V0, V1, dmin_, broad_phase_method_, tight_inclusion_ccd_);
 
        if (save_ccd_debug_meshes && ipc::has_intersections(collision_mesh_, (V1 - V0) * max_step + V0, broad_phase_method_))
        {
            log_and_throw_error("Taking max_step results in intersections (max_step={})", max_step);
        }
 
#ifndef NDEBUG
        // This will check for static intersections as a failsafe. Not needed if we use our conservative CCD.
        Eigen::MatrixXd V_toi = (V1 - V0) * max_step + V0;
 
        while (ipc::has_intersections(collision_mesh_, V_toi, broad_phase_method_))
        {
            logger().error("Taking max_step results in intersections (max_step={:g})", max_step);
            max_step /= 2.0;
 
            const double Linf = (V_toi - V0).lpNorm<Eigen::Infinity>();
            if (max_step <= 0 || Linf == 0)
                log_and_throw_error("Unable to find an intersection free step size (max_step={:g} L∞={:g})", max_step, Linf);
 
            V_toi = (V1 - V0) * max_step + V0;
        }
#endif
 
        return max_step;
    }
    double ContactForm::max_step_size(const Eigen::VectorXd &x0, const Eigen::VectorXd &x1) const {…}
 
    void ContactForm::line_search_begin(const Eigen::VectorXd &x0, const Eigen::VectorXd &x1)
    {
        candidates_.build(
            collision_mesh_,
            compute_displaced_surface(x0),
            compute_displaced_surface(x1),
            /*inflation_radius=*/dhat_ / 2,
            broad_phase_method_);
 
        use_cached_candidates_ = true;
    }
    void ContactForm::line_search_begin(const Eigen::VectorXd &x0, const Eigen::VectorXd &x1) {…}
 
    void ContactForm::line_search_end()
    {
        candidates_.clear();
        use_cached_candidates_ = false;
    }
    void ContactForm::line_search_end() {…}
 
    void ContactForm::post_step(const polysolve::nonlinear::PostStepData &data)
    {
        if (data.iter_num == 0)
            return;
 
        const Eigen::MatrixXd displaced_surface = compute_displaced_surface(data.x);
 
        const double curr_distance = collision_set_.compute_minimum_distance(collision_mesh_, displaced_surface);
 
        if (use_adaptive_barrier_stiffness_)
        {
            if (is_time_dependent_)
            {
                const double prev_barrier_stiffness = barrier_stiffness();
 
                barrier_stiffness_ = ipc::update_barrier_stiffness(
                    prev_distance_, curr_distance, max_barrier_stiffness_,
                    barrier_stiffness(), ipc::world_bbox_diagonal_length(displaced_surface));
 
                if (barrier_stiffness() != prev_barrier_stiffness)
                {
                    polyfem::logger().debug(
                        "updated barrier stiffness from {:g} to {:g} (max barrier stiffness: )",
                        prev_barrier_stiffness, barrier_stiffness(), max_barrier_stiffness_);
                }
            }
            else
            {
                // TODO: missing feature
                // update_barrier_stiffness(data.x);
            }
        }
 
        prev_distance_ = curr_distance;
    }
    void ContactForm::post_step(const polysolve::nonlinear::PostStepData &data) {…}
 
    bool ContactForm::is_step_collision_free(const Eigen::VectorXd &x0, const Eigen::VectorXd &x1) const
    {
        const auto displaced0 = compute_displaced_surface(x0);
        const auto displaced1 = compute_displaced_surface(x1);
 
        // Skip CCD if the displacement is zero.
        if ((displaced1 - displaced0).lpNorm<Eigen::Infinity>() == 0.0)
        {
            // Assumes initially intersection-free
            return true;
        }
 
        bool is_valid;
        if (use_cached_candidates_)
            is_valid = candidates_.is_step_collision_free(
                collision_mesh_, displaced0, displaced1, dmin_,
                tight_inclusion_ccd_);
        else
            is_valid = ipc::is_step_collision_free(
                collision_mesh_, displaced0, displaced1, dmin_, broad_phase_method_,
                tight_inclusion_ccd_);
 
        return is_valid;
    }
    bool ContactForm::is_step_collision_free(const Eigen::VectorXd &x0, const Eigen::VectorXd &x1) const {…}
} // namespace polyfem::solver